Viking axes have long been symbols of power, war, and craftsmanship. With their historical significance and the mysteries they carry from the past, it’s no surprise that Viking axes are among the most coveted artifacts for both collectors and historians alike. Let’s dive into the top 10 real Viking axes discovered in archaeological finds and see what makes them so remarkable.
The Fascination with Viking Axes
What makes Viking axes so special? Is it their iconic design, their role in Viking conquests, or simply their symbolic representation of Norse culture? Well, it’s a little bit of everything. Viking axes, often seen in museums and private collections, aren’t just tools or weapons – they are pieces of history that tell stories of battles, craftsmanship, and Viking life. These axes represent a culture that is as powerful as it is mysterious.
What Makes a Viking Axe Authentic?
When you’re looking at Viking axes, especially in archaeological finds, authenticity is everything. But how do you spot the real deal? Authentic Viking axes typically feature a combination of sturdy iron craftsmanship, unique engravings, and often signs of battle wear. Real Viking axes were not just made for display; they were tools of war, farming, and everyday use.
Viking Axe Design Features
The design of Viking axes varies widely, but certain characteristics are always present. Viking axes usually had long wooden handles, often between 60 to 100 cm in length, with large, curved iron blades. Some were intricately engraved with Nordic symbols and mythological figures, giving them a custom look. This is what makes each Viking axe so unique.
You might notice that many Viking axes have a bearded design – a wide blade that extends downward to form a beard-like curve. This design wasn’t just for show; it provided better balance and allowed the warrior to hook onto shields or armor.
The Importance of Archaeological Finds
Without archaeological discoveries, our knowledge of Viking axes would be seriously limited. The preservation of Viking axes in graves, ship burials, and other archaeological sites has given historians valuable insights into Viking craftsmanship and warfare. These discoveries show us how Viking axes were used, who used them, and how they evolved over time.
Top 10 Real Viking Axes Discovered
Now that we’ve explored the allure of Viking axes, let’s jump into the top 10 most iconic Viking axes ever found.
The Mammen Axe
Discovered in Denmark, the Mammen Axe is one of the most beautifully decorated Viking axes ever found. This axe, dated back to the late 10th century, features intricate silver inlay with patterns symbolizing both pagan and Christian beliefs. It’s often considered more of a ceremonial axe due to its rich decoration.
The Gjermundbu Axe
Unearthed in a Viking burial mound in Norway, the Gjermundbu Axe is part of one of the most complete Viking warrior graves ever found. Along with a full suit of armor, this axe offers incredible insight into the life of Viking warriors and their weapons of choice.
The Langeid Axe
Found in the Langeid burial site in Norway, this large, two-handed axe dates back to the 11th century. What sets the Langeid Axe apart is its unusual size and the gold and copper decorations on its blade, making it a luxurious yet deadly weapon.
The Birka Warrior Axe
The Birka Warrior Axe, discovered in Sweden, was found in the grave of a warrior alongside a collection of swords and other weapons. This axe, believed to have been used in battles, is a prime example of the Viking’s craftsmanship and their fierce warrior culture.
The Danish War Axe
The Danish War Axe, known for its massive size, was a favored weapon in large-scale battles. Found in multiple archaeological sites across Denmark, these axes were crucial for Viking raids and military campaigns.
The Norwegian Farm Axe
Many Viking axes found in Norway weren’t just used for battle – they were farming tools. The Norwegian Farm Axe, discovered on an old farmstead, shows how Vikings adapted their tools for everyday life as well as combat. It’s a testament to the versatility of Viking craftsmanship.
The Oseberg Ship Axe
The Oseberg burial ship, one of the most famous archaeological finds in Viking history, contained numerous artifacts, including a Viking axe. This axe was found alongside other burial goods, including shields and tools, offering a glimpse into Viking burial practices and their belief in the afterlife.
The Gotland Axe
This axe, discovered in the Swedish island of Gotland, was likely a part of a Viking hoard. Its design is simpler than the more decorative axes, but its functionality in both warfare and everyday life is unmistakable.
The Sutton Hoo Axe
The Sutton Hoo burial site in England is often associated with Anglo-Saxon history, but it also included artifacts from Viking influence. The Viking-style axe found here speaks to the interactions between Viking settlers and Anglo-Saxons.
The Icelandic Battle Axe
Discovered in Iceland, this Viking battle axe shows the spread of Viking culture across the North Atlantic. While not as decorative as the Mammen Axe, it was clearly a weapon of war, used in the many battles fought by Viking settlers in Iceland.
The Importance of Preservation
These Viking axes, now housed in museums and private collections, are carefully preserved to prevent further deterioration. Proper preservation techniques are vital for ensuring that these pieces of history remain intact for future generations. Without such care, the details that make these axes so unique – the engravings, the wear from use, the craftsmanship – would be lost forever.
How to Identify Authentic Viking Axes
For collectors, identifying an authentic Viking axe can be tricky. You’ll want to look for several key features: the materials (real Viking axes are typically iron), signs of age (rust, wear), and any distinct Viking engravings or design elements like the bearded axe style. If you’re ever in doubt, consulting an expert is always a good idea.
Conclusion
Viking axes are more than just weapons; they’re a symbol of an ancient, powerful culture. Each discovery, from the ornate Mammen Axe to the simple Icelandic Battle Axe, gives us a clearer picture of Viking life and their incredible craftsmanship. Whether you’re a historian, a collector, or just a Viking enthusiast, the story of these axes is one of timeless allure.